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hudsonespie · 4 years

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Photos: The USCG in the Persian Gulf War and the Origins of the PSU

[By Capt. John R. Olson, United States Coast Guard Reserve (retired)]

Beginning in 1982, the United States Coast Guard assigned responsibility to the Ninth Coast Guard District in Cleveland, Ohio, to train reservists for military mobilization. The intended mission of these “notional,” or prototype units, was to perform harbor defense for offload ports supporting that support combat operations.

Before the early 1980s, the Coast Guard had provided supervisory fuel transfer teams and explosive loading teams during military exercises. In 1983, during Operation “Lifeline,” it became clear that other military services could provide their own fuel transfer and explosive loading supervision. However, it also became clear that port security teams supported by the Coast Guard could provide afloat and ashore security that other services could not.

Under the Ninth Coast Guard District in Cleveland, joint military port security and harbor defense training exercises had been assigned to specific Coast Guard Reserve units. The Ninth District assigned units at Milwaukee, Buffalo, and Cleveland, to initiate military port security training in addition to training in marine safety and search and rescue. Beginning in 1984, this specific port security training was added for individual reservists, small groups and reserve units.

Following the Operation Lifeline exercises, Reserve officer Lt. Daniel Zedan submitted an after-action report to the commandant of the Coast Guard via the Ninth Coast Guard District commander. The mobilization recommendations and Department of Defense port security requirements identified in his report moved the service’s flag-level decision makers to transfer port security training from Chicago to Cleveland. Leadership made this move to avoid placing excessive demands on Western Great Lakes units.

Meanwhile, Ninth District Coast Guard Reserve senior officers and decision makers urged creation of stand-alone port security units, with defined personnel complements, supply inventories and patrol craft. To facilitate this transition, the Coast Guard and other active-duty military forces provided added port security training. In 1986, the first official Port Security Unit (PSU) training with automatic weapons began with a Combat Skills Course at the U.S. Marine Corps Base in Quantico, Virginia.

As of 1988, notional port security teams were listed in seven contingency plans encompassing three combatant commands. In theory, high-speed Coast Guard patrol boats would maintain security zones at anchorages, in the seaway, and alongside ships offloading military cargoes. Landside patrols and security guards would control access to the ports and the piers. The role and training for port security forces had emerged as a priority for the Coast Guard and the Reserves!

Photo of the compound built by PSU 301 of Buffalo, New York, at the port of Al-Jubail, Saudi Arabia. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

Between 1988 and 1989, the Ohio National Guard provided additional combat training at Camp Perry, Ohio, with its “Flame River” exercises. This was the first time that PSU boat crews had fired .50 caliber and 7.62mm M60 automatic weapons while underway. This was also the first time Coast Guard women trained on, and later, operated weapons in combat roles. The new Reserve PSU teams also trained in shore-side security tactics. At the Pentagon, the Joint Chiefs of Staff finally recognized the Coast Guard’s suitability for port security duties, so the Department of Defense funded PSU uniforms and equipment.

After the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in August 1990, Coast Guard Headquarters placed three PSUs on alert. Within six weeks, two units would deploy to Persian Gulf ports to support Operation Desert Shield combat efforts in Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. On September 18, 1990, PSU 303 from Milwaukee was deployed to King Abdul Aziz Port in Ad Dammam, Saudi Arabia, and commenced operations. On September 21st, PSU 301 from Buffalo was deployed to Al Jubayl, Saudi Arabia. On Thanksgiving Day, November 22nd, PSU 302 from Cleveland arrived in Manama, Bahrain. This proved the first mobilization of the Coast Guard Reserve since World War II. It was also the first use of reservists in the Middle East and first deployment of the Coast Guard’s new PSUs.

During this initial mobilization, port pier and entry-gate patrols were staffed by Coast Guard PSU personnel. PSU harbor and anchorage patrols were conducted in 22-foot Transportable Port Security Boats, or “Raider boats,” armed with .50 caliber and M60 automatic weapons. Meanwhile, command and control was still implemented through a cumbersome joint military organizational structure. In addition, Middle East weather conditions were challenging, logistical support minimal, operational planning uncoordinated, and supplies meager. As a result of these problems, morale among PSU members initially declined.

PSU 301’s Raider Boat patrolling the Port of Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia, with Saudi interpreter on board. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

Through sheer force of will, ingenuity, and inter-service negotiations, the men and women of the three Coast Guard PSUs pulled things together. For example, PSU 301 acquired portable showers from the Army and bartered with other U.S. military units for protective material for pier-side tents. To protect against Iraqi SCUD missiles, PSU 302 members filled countless sand bags for their berthing spaces and the operations center at Manama.

By January 1991, PSU operations in the three ports had become more efficient and their operational changes recorded for training future PSUs. Despite equipment shortfalls and tight budgets, the men and women deployed to operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm had gained important skills, knowledge and confidence in the PSU mission. Many important lessons were drawn from practices innovated for Desert Shield and Desert Storm by reservists deploying to the Middle East.

Meanwhile, the Coast Guard committed to training second-wave Port Security Units at the Army National Guard’s training facility at Camp Blanding, Florida. Composed of nearly 60 personnel, a Coast Guard-sourced training detachment conducted this comprehensive instruction. Two of the three units trained at Camp Blanding deployed to the Middle East as the first wave of PSU personnel returned home.

Lt. Steven Day (later Rear Admiral), PSU 302 Operations Officer, on board a Saudi patrol vessel with Saudi Frontier Force personnel. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

After all PSU personnel had redeployed from Desert Storm, Port Security Units 301, 302, and 303 returned to a “notional” status. The Coast Guard documented lessons learned from Desert Shield and Desert Storm and embarked on a three-year deliberation regarding the future of the Port Security Unit program. During this period, notional units 301, 302, and elements of 303 participated in field exercises such as Flame River and Forward Sentinel.

PSU 302’s protective dockside bunker at the Port of Manama, Bahrain. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

As the development of Port Security Unit training expanded, the Coast Guard’s commitment to the program remained uncertain. However, 1994’s Operation Uphold Democracy in the Republic of Haiti added urgency to that commitment. It also provided an ideal opportunity to implement PSU lessons learned from Desert Shield and Desert Storm.

As a result of experimentation during the late 1980s and early 1990s, the role of PSUs was affirmed with their commissioning as official Coast Guard Reserve commands. Because PSUs were considered rapid deployable units, it became necessary to develop a defined course of study and qualification system to ensure readiness. Today, that training is recognized as an official qualification system for the Coast Guard’s port security and harbor defense missions.

This article appears courtesy of Coast Guard Compass and may be found in its original form here.

from Storage Containers https://maritime-executive.com/article/photos-the-uscg-in-the-persian-gulf-war-and-the-origins-of-the-psu via http://www.rssmix.com/

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saudicoaches · 4 years

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sarkarimirror · 5 years

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India-Saudi Arabia Joint Statement during the State Visit of His Royal Highness the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia to India

Delhi 1. At the invitation of Hon’ble Prime Minister of the Republic of India Shri Narendra Modi, and under the guidance of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques, His Royal Highness Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia paid his first State visit to India from 19-20 February 2019, where he was received at the airport by the Hon’ble Prime Minister. The visit follows the official visit of Prime Minister Modi to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in April, 2016 at the invitation of the custodian of the Two Holy Mosques His Majesty King Salman bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud. 2. His Royal Highness the Crown Prince was accorded a ceremonial welcome on February 20, 2019 at the Forecourt of the Rashtrapati Bhawan, New Delhi. President Kovind also hosted a banquet dinner in honour of His Royal Highness. 3. Prime Minister Modi and His Royal Highness Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz held delegation level talks at Hyderabad House on February 20, 2019. External Affairs Minister Smt. Sushma Swaraj called on His Royal Highness. 4. India and Saudi Arabia enjoy cordial and friendly relations reflecting the centuries old economic and socio-cultural ties. Close geographical proximity, civilizational links, cultural affinity, natural synergies, vibrant people to people contacts. Common challenges and opportunities have added momentum to this robust engagement. 5. The bilateral discussions were held in the spirit of strong friendship that binds the two countries and their leaders. They expressed satisfaction at the excellent state of bilateral ties of friendship and cooperation, which are marked by trust, mutual understanding, goodwill and respect for each other’s interests. Both sides expressed satisfaction at the progress made in diverse fields including trade, energy, security and cultural spheres since the landmark visit of the Prime Minister to Riyadh in April 2016 – a visit which served to enhance our engagement and take our relations to the next level. 6. Prime Minister Modi welcomed the recent changes initiated by His Royal Highness Crown Prince to bring in moderation and openness in Saudi Arabia while His Royal Highness the Crown Prince conveyed his appreciation for Indian model of ethos of inclusiveness, pluralism and tolerance. 7. The two sides re-affirmed their deep commitment to strengthen the ‘strategic partnership’ envisaged in the ‘Riyadh Declaration’ of February 2010 and reiterated during the visit of the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques His Majesty King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, in February 2014 and the visit of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi to Saudi Arabia in April 2016. 8. The two sides agreed to cement the existing ‘Strategic Partnership’ with ‘high level monitoring mechanism by the creation of Strategic Partnership Council led by the Honourable Prime Minister and His Royal Highness the Crown Prince, supported by ministerial representation covering the whole spectrum of strategic relationships. 9. Both sides welcomed the outcomes of the Workshop between NITI Aayog and Saudi Centre for International Strategic Partnership (SCISP) organised recently in Riyadh. The Workshop has identified more than 40 opportunities of joint collaboration and investments across various sectors. 10. The following MoUs were signed during the visit:- (I) MoU on investing in the National Investment and Infrastructure Fund of India. (II) MoU on cooperation in the field of Tourism. (III) MoU on cooperation in the field of Housing. (IV) Framework cooperation programme between Invest India and Saudi Arabia General Investment Authority (SAGIA). (V) MoU for cooperation on Broadcasting for exchange of Audio-Visual Programmes. (VI) Agreement for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to join the International Solar Alliance (ISA) launched by Honourable Prime Minister Modi. 11. Taking note of the positive trend in the bilateral trade over the recent years, the two sides acknowledged the huge untapped potential available in the merchandise trade, particularly in the non-oil trade. The two sides appreciated the positive deliberations held during the 12th session of the India-Saudi Joint Commission Meeting held in Riyadh in February 2018, for enhancing cooperation in economic, commercial, investment, cultural and technological fields. 12. The two sides stressed the importance of increasing trade volume between the two countries, and eliminating export barriers. 13. The two sides agreed on further deepening trade and investment cooperation between the two countries by aligning the Kingdom’sVision 2030 and its 13 Vision Realization Programs with India’s flagship initiatives of "Make in India”, "Start Up India”, "Smart Cities”, "Clean India”, and "Digital India”. The Saudi side expressed its readiness to attract Indian private/ public sector investments and expertise, in the upcoming mega projects in Saudi Arabia. The two sides acknowledged positive transformation of economies of India and Saudi Arabia. 14. Both sides welcomed the key initiatives taken by both Governments to improve the ease of doing business, simplify and rationalize existing rules and relax the foreign direct investment norms in key areas. 15. Both sides welcomed the positive change in investment climate after the signing of the Framework Cooperation Agreement between the Saudi Arabian General Investment Authority (SAGIA) and Invest India during Prime Minister Modi’s visit to Riyadh in 2016. The two sides urged the business communities to utilize the investment opportunities in both countries, especially in the fields of infrastructure, mining, energy including renewables, food security and technology transfer, and to further consolidate cooperation in the areas of skilled human resources in information technology, electronics and telecommunications. 16. Recognizing the availability of sophisticated infrastructure and logistical services in the Kingdom’s industrial cities and ports, His Royal Highness welcomed investments by Indian companies in the Kingdom for domestic and regional market access. 17. The Prime Minister welcomed the announcement of His Royal Highness to invest in the areas of energy, refining, petrochemicals, infrastructure, agriculture, minerals and mining, manufacturing, education and health potentially worth in excess of $100 billion. 18. The two sides expressed satisfaction at the first Joint Venture West Coast Refinery and Petrochemical Project estimated to cost US $ 44 billion and both sides agreed to expedite the implementation of the project, which will be the largest green field refinery in the world to be implemented in one phase. In addition, $10 billion through the Public Investment Fund and its technology partners, and other investments opportunities potentially worth $26 billion being explored. 19. The Prime Minister of India welcomed the investment from Saudi Arabia in the National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF) and other key sectors in India. In this context, both sides appreciated the signing of the MoU on investing in the National Investment and Infrastructure Fund (NIIF) as it will pave the way for expanding bilateral economic cooperation. 20. Prime Minister Modi welcomed the intent by Saudi side towards investments in India, especially in the areas of energy, refining, petrochemicals, infrastructure, agriculture, minerals and mining, manufacturing, education and health. 21. The two sides welcomed the signing of MoU for Cooperation in the field of Housing and encouraged Indian companies to participate in the housing projects in Saudi Arabia. 22. His Royal Highness Crown Prince welcomed Prime Minister’s initiative on Coalition on Disaster Resilient Infrastructure and hailed it as an important step towards disaster management. 23. Recognizing the importance of the energy security as a key pillar of the strategic partnership, the two sides expressed desire to grow bilateral trade in the energy sector, acknowledging Saudi Arabia as the world’s most reliable supplier of oil & gas and the key supplier to India. The two sides stressed on continuation of the India-Saudi Arabia Energy consultations. The two sides agreed to transform the buyer-seller relationship in the energy-sector to strategic partnership focusing on investment and joint ventures in petrochemical complexes. 24. His Royal Highness the Crown Prince reiterated the Kingdom’s commitment to meet India’s growing needs for crude oil and petroleum products and substitute for any shortages that may arise as a result of any disruptions from other sources. 25. The Prime Minister also welcomed the Kingdom’s participation in the India’s Strategic Petroleum Reserves (SPRs). 26. The Prime Minister of India welcomed the decision of the Saudi side to join the International Solar Alliance. Both sides noted the potential cooperation in the renewable energy sector not only in investment but also in Research and Development. 27. The two sides also agreed to cooperate in the areas of space, science and technology, including remote sensing, satellite communication and satellite-based navigation. 28. The two sides agreed to set up a Joint Working Group on Skill Development to identify areas of cooperation, where the two countries can benefit from each other’s core competencies in important fields such as manufacturing, information technology, communications, and programming. 29. The two sides welcomed the recent developments in India-Saudi co-operation in the defence sector, particularly in the fields of exchange of expertise and training, especially after the MoU on Defence Cooperation signed during the visit of His Majesty King Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud to India in February 2014. In this context, they welcomed the outcomes of the recently held 4th Joint Committee on Defence Cooperation in Riyadh on 2-3 January, 2019. 30. The two sides agreed to hold the inaugural joint naval exercises at the earliest and agreed to further expand bilateral exercises in other domains. 31. Noting the potential and mutual benefit, the two sides agreed to cooperate and collaborate in joint defence production of spare parts for Naval and Land systems as well as supply chain development, in line with ‘Make in India’ and ‘Vision 2030’. 32. The two sides agreed to work together with other Indian Ocean Rim Countries for enhancing maritime security, vital for the security and prosperity of both countries and safe passage for international trade. 33. With regards to regional connectivity projects, both sides agreed that they should be based on international law including respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity of states. 34. The two sides stressed the importance of regional stability and good neighbouring relations. His Royal Highness appreciated consistent efforts made by Prime Minister Modi since May 2014 including Prime Minister’s personal initiatives to have friendly relations with Pakistan. In this context, both sides agreed on the need for creation of conditions necessary for resumption of the comprehensive dialogue between India and Pakistan. 35. Affirming that the menace of extremism and terrorism threatens all nations and societies, the two sides rejected any attempt to link this universal phenomenon to any particular race, religion or culture. Both sides called on all states to reject the use of terrorism against other countries; dismantle terrorism infrastructures where they happen to exist and to cut off any kind of support and financing to the terrorists perpetrating terrorism from all territories against other states; and bring perpetrators of acts of terrorism to justice. The two sides also noted the need for concerted action by the international community against terrorism including through early adoption of the UN Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism and underlined the importance of comprehensive sanctioning of terrorists and their organisations by the UN. 36. Both sides called up on all countries to renounce the use of terrorism as an instrument of state policy. They also called upon all states to deny access to weapons including missiles and drones to commit terrorist acts against other countries. 37. The Prime Minister and His Royal Highness condemned in the strongest terms, the recent terrorist attack on Indian security forces on 14 February, 2019 in Pulwama in Jammu & Kashmir. 38. The two sides discussed regional and international issues of mutual interest, including the security situation in West Asia and Middle East, in the light of their common interest in the regional and global peace, security and stability. Both sides emphasized Security Council Resolution (2254) with regard to the solution in Syria, and Security Council Resolution (2216), the GCC initiative, and the outcomes of the Yemeni National Dialogue with regard to the solution in Yemen. 39. The two sides expressed their hope for achieving a just, comprehensive and lasting peace in the Middle East based on the Arab Peace Initiative and the relevant UN resolutions, to guarantee the legitimate rights of the Palestinian people. 40. To enhance further cooperation in the Counter-terrorism efforts and benefit mutually from real-time intelligence sharing, the two sides agreed to constitute a ‘Comprehensive Security Dialogue’ at the level of National Security Advisors and set up a Joint Working Group on Counter-Terrorism. 41. The Prime Minister and His Royal Highness reiterated to continue the ongoing close cooperation on a range of security issues, particularly on maritime security, law enforcement, anti-money laundering, drug trafficking, human trafficking, illegal migration, and other transnational organized crimes. 42. Expressing serious concerns at the misuse of cyber space as a medium to promote subversive and extremist ideologies, the two sides welcomed the signing of MoU on Technical Cooperation in Cyber Space and Combating Cyber Crime. Both sides agreed to promote cooperation including prevention of the use of Cyberspace for terror, radicalism and incitement to disturb social harmony. 43. The Indian side thanked the Saudi leadership for hosting a large Indian community and for ensuring their continued welfare and well-being. 44. Prime Minister thanked the Saudi leadership for designating India as the ‘Guest of Honour’ in the 32nd Saudi National Festival of Heritage & Culture – Janadriyah 2018. The two sides emphasized on further enhancing people to people contacts and strengthening the cultural cooperation by organizing Cultural weeks - ‘India Week in Saudi Arabia’ and ‘Saudi Arabia Week in India’ at regular intervals. 45. Prime Minister expressed his thanks to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and to Highness the Crown Prince for increasing the quota for Hajj pilgrims from India to 200,000 to reflect the latest census. 46. Prime Minister expressed his thanks to the Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques and to His Royal Highness for ordering the release of 850 Indian prisoners from Saudi jails. 47. Both sides expressed the desire to broaden people-to-people interactions and to increase two-way tourism by addressing challenges with regard to consular and immigration related issues. 48. The Indian Government has agreed to increase the seats of Saudi Arabian Airlines from 80,000 Seats/Months to 112,000 Seats/Month and studies underway to increase that number substantially. 49. Both sides look forward to the integration of migration platforms of both the countries viz., e-Migrate and e-Tawtheeq to create a robust migration environment. 50. Both sides agreed to explore opportunities for cooperation in the area of payment systems including RuPAY for the benefit of Indian community in general and more particularly the Hajj/Umrah pilgrims. The Prime Minister thanked His Royal Highness Crown Prince for sorting out the issue of "Iqamah” for the Indian Labour who were stranded in Saudi Arabia for no fault of their own, and resolving this humanitarian issue. 51. Both sides committed themselves to promoting reformed multilateralism through enhanced cooperation at multilateral fora and in international organisations, including in UN, G-20, WTO, etc. In this context, they emphasised the need for reform in global governance architecture such as UN Security Council, WTO, international financial systems, etc. 52. Both sides emphasized the importance of an effective reformed multilateral system, centred on a UN reflective of contemporary realities, as a key factor in tackling global challenges. They stressed upon the urgent need to pursue UN reforms, including of the Security Council. 53. The two sides also reiterated their commitment to working together to address fugitive economic offenders including through international organisations and institutions. 54. His Royal Highness Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman bin Abdulaziz, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Defence expressed his gratitude to the Government and people of India for the warm hospitality extended to him and the accompanying delegation. **** AKT/SH (Release ID: 1565684) Visitor Counter : 576 Read this release in: Urdu , Bengali ,Tamil , Kannada Read the full article

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colorsofsaudia · 10 years

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Dammam

Dammam is the capital of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, the most oil-rich region in the world. The judicial and administrative bodies of the province and several government departments are located in the city. Dammam is the largest city in the Eastern Province, and the fifth largest in Saudi Arabia, after Riyadh, Jeddah, Mecca and Medina. It forms part of the Dammam Metropolitan Area; The Dammam metropolitan area, or greater Dammam, is the metropolitan area associated with the city of Ad Dammam, Eastern Province, and its suburbs. It is the area that is closely linked to the city through social, economic, and cultural ties. The Dammam metropolitan area: mainly known as greater Dammam, is the largest metropolitan area in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia formed by three main neighboring cities: Dammam, Dhahran, and Khobar these 3 respectable cities are sometimes referred to as the triplet cities.

The metropolitan area of the triplet cities has an estimated population of 4,140,000 as of 2012. Greater Dammam also includes many other smaller cities such as: Al Qatif, Safwa, and Ras Tanura. Dammam Metropolitan Area, and the rest of the Eastern Province, is served by the King Fahd International Airport (KFIA), the largest airport in the world in terms of land area (approximately 780 km2), about 20 km to the northwest of the city. Dammam's King Abdul Aziz Sea Port is the largest on the Persian Gulf. Its import-export traffic in the country is second only to Jeddah Seaport.

Etymology

The origins of the name "Dammam" is disputed, some say that it is onomatopoeic and it was given to the area because of a drum positioned in a nearby keep, when sounded for the alarm (a melody called "damdamah") to alert the residents of returning fishermen's ships, others say that the name was given according to the Arabic word "dawwama" (whirlpool) which indicated a nearby sea site that dhows usually had to avoid.

History

Ad Dammam was first inhabited by a family from Al Bin Ali clan and a number of Persian Howela families in the early 1923. The Albinali family, led by Sheikh Nasir Ahmad Albinali, were invited by HRM the late King Abdul Aziz from Bahrain to come and inhabit Dammam. While the AlDossary families led by Sheikh Ahmed Ibn Abdullah ibn Hassan Al Dossary migrated from Bahrain and were given the chance to choose a land where to settle by HRM the late King Abdul Aziz. Ad Dammam was immediately chosen for its vicinity to the island of Bahrain as the clan hoped to head back there soon, but the British rule in the region made it very hard for them to move in every sense (divide et impera) so they finally realized they had to settle there for good. Years later, Sheikh Ahmed's brother moved south where he and his family settled in Al Khobar, which by that time was already inhabited. However this tiny episode gave to Khobar a population boost and close ties with the bigger city of Dammam.

When the modern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia was founded in 1932, the area was the site of several hamlets that depended on fishing and pearls for their survival. Over a span of a little more than half a century, the area has developed into a thriving hub of industry, commerce and science, and home to more than half a million people. The area's transformation was launched with the discovery of oil in commercial quantities. The Eastern Province sits atop one of the largest oil fields in the world, and it was here in Dhahran in 1936 that Aramco, the predecessor of the national oil company of Saudi Arabia, Saudi Aramco, dug the famous Dammam No. 7 well that proved beyond doubt that the Kingdom possessed a large supply of hydrocarbons.

The discovery of new oil fields to the south, west and north of Dammam in the 1940s and 1950s, which now account for a quarter of the world's proven oil reserves, triggered a building boom. The Albinali Family, led by Sheikh Muhammad Nasir Albinali and Brothers played a crucial role in the development of the city of Dammam and the Eastern province in various fields. Experts and technicians from throughout the Kingdom and the world gathered to help search for new oil fields and bring them on-stream. New pipelines had to be installed, storage facilities built and jetties constructed to handle tankers. The growing number of experts working in Dhahran required the building of housing, hospitals, schools for their children and other amenities. Before long, Dhahran, the corporate headquarters of Saudi Aramco, the largest oil company in the world, was spilling out into the desert in all directions.

#Saudi Aramco #Saudi Arabia #Riyadh #King Fahd International Airport #Khobar #Eastern Province Saudi Arabia #Dhahran #Dammam

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dailykhaleej · 4 years

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How Saudi Arabia’s founder brought fresh water to Jeddah and ushered in a modern Kingdom

LONDON: At first look, £17,500 would possibly appear to be a steep worth to ask for the small purple leatherette pockets, measuring simply 15 by 20 cm, dated December 1948 and bearing the seemingly uninspiring legend “City of Jeddah water supply.”

However in truth, as a distinctive file of one of the vital infrastructure tasks from the early years of Saudi Arabia, the pockets — containing 5 traditionally vital hand-colored maps and plans — is a priceless memento of a key second in the transformation of the Kingdom into a modern state.

Just one instance of the set is understood to exist. Marked “To A.A. from D.R.B.,” it’s believed to have been a present from the British engineer David Ross Balfour to Ahmad Ashmawi, the Saudi-born assistant director of the transformative Jeddah water venture.

On the inauguration ceremony in 1947, it was Ashmawi who offered the scheme to Crown Prince Saud bin Abdul Aziz, the son of the Kingdom’s founder Ibn Saud, on behalf of his employer, the British firm Gellatly, Hankey & Co., which oversaw the venture for the king.

The drawings are being provided on the market by London seller Peter Harrington, which has lengthy specialised in uncommon books from or in regards to the Center East, together with a copy of the hardly ever out there “History of Aziziah Water Supply Juddah, and Glimpses on the Sources of Water in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia,” written by Abdul Qaddous Al-Ansari and revealed in 1972. (Provided)

The true significance of the paperwork in the purple pockets, in accordance to Raphael Cormack, a specialist researcher for Peter Harrington Uncommon Books, is that they present the willpower of Ibn Saud to enhance the standard of life for pilgrims to the Hejaz in the early days of the Kingdom.

“Prior to oil, the new Saudi Kingdom depended on revenues from the Hajj,” Cormack advised Arab Information, “and the improvement of facilities for pilgrims in the Hejaz was, therefore, of vital importance.”

Ibn Saud had inherited a creaking 19th-century Ottoman system that equipped water from wells at Al-Waziriya, and from a coal-fired seawater condenser that primarily benefitted the town’s expat neighborhood and those that might afford to pay for its exorbitantly priced water.

Ali bin Hussein, first king of Hejaz, in 1922. (Getty Pictures)

Jeddah was the principle port of entry for hundreds of pilgrims who annually traveled to the Holy Metropolis of Makkah. In accordance to data revealed by the British India Workplace in 1937, 25,291 pilgrims arrived by sea in the Hejaz in 1934, the overwhelming majority touchdown at Jeddah.

Right here, provides of water, offered by seawater condenser, typically stagnant rainwater reservoirs and restricted quantities of nicely water, had been insufficient to meet the pilgrims’ wants.

Some water flowed 12 km from the spring at Al-Waziriya, however checks throughout the autumn of 1933 discovered the pipe to be “decayed and clogged with detritus” and that “the water arrived in the town cistern considerably polluted.”

After a long time of neglect below the more and more impoverished Ottoman empire and years of battle between the Hashemites of Hejaz and the Saudis of the Nejd, Jeddah’s water provide was failing.

Historic home in previous Jeddah, 1935. (Alamy Inventory Photograph)

Ibn Saud lastly defeated the forces of King Hussein’s short-lived Kingdom of the Hejaz in 1925, absorbing the territory into the Kingdom of Nejd to kind Saudi Arabia.

From that second the fortunes of Jeddah, and the wellbeing of the hundreds of ship-borne pilgrims who handed by the port on pilgrimage to Madinah and Makkah, started to be remodeled.

The primary consequence of Ibn Saud’s rule, in accordance to “Gellatly’s,” a 1962 historical past of the British firm that helped to convey Ibn Saud’s imaginative and prescient to fruition, was that “tranquillity descended upon the territory around Jeddah … pilgrim routes to Makkah and Madinah were made safe for travelers” and “the law became firm and uniform.”

In accordance to George Blake, the creator of the historical past of the agency, which had been working on each side of the Pink Sea since about 1884, Muslims “revered Ibn Saud as a combination of conqueror and man of impressive religious orthodoxy.”

However the king was additionally to present that “his qualifications had even greater dimensions (as) he sought to improve the prosperity and status of his country in relation to the rest of the world.”

Gellatly’s, which amongst its many enterprises had been working a transport enterprise serving the pilgrimage commerce in Jeddah because the mid-1880s, was well-known to the king.

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TIMELINE

1884: Ottoman authorities start a three-year venture to pipe water to Jeddah from a nicely at Al-Waziriya. It’s quickly sabotaged by house owners of water tanks making the most of Jeddah’s water scarcity.

1907: Ottomans order a seawater filtration machine for Jeddah.

1925: The Hejaz is absorbed into the Kingdom of Ibn Saud.

1927: Jeddah seawater filtration machine breaks down; Ibn Saud imports a new one.

1942: The primary systematic survey of the Kingdom’s pure sources discovers a supply of fresh water in springs in the foothills east of Jeddah in Wadi Fatima.

1946: Ibn Saud orders an bold new water scheme, to be accomplished in time for Hajj in 1947.

1947: Opening of Jeddah’s new water provide is marked by main celebrations.

——-

The corporate had operated a number of workplaces in the area because the mid-1880s, in Khartoum and alongside the Pink Sea in Jeddah, Suakin, Port Sudan, Massawa and Tokar, and ran a caravanserai (a resthouse for pilgrims arriving by camel caravan) in Jeddah, whereas, as transport brokers, it facilitated the motion of pilgrims by sea.

It had additionally performed a essential half in the early years of Ibn Saud’s unified reign following his absorption of the Hejaz in 1925.

Earlier than oil was struck in 1933, the majority of the federal government’s revenue was derived from the circulation of abroad pilgrims, a precarious income typically affected by occasions past the management of the Saudis, and when occasions grew laborious Gellatly’s was there to prepare loans to tide over Ibn Saud.

It was, subsequently, no shock when in 1946 the king chosen the corporate to play a key function in a main infrastructure venture important to the way forward for the Hajj.

The king’s willpower to see Jeddah served by a modern water provide wouldn’t solely ease the trail of pilgrims certain for the holy cities, however would additionally change Jeddah past recognition, setting it on the right track to turn out to be the main vibrant metropolis it’s at this time.

Though as the closest port to the holy metropolis of Makkah, Jeddah was the pure gateway for pilgrims earlier than the appearance of widespread air journey, lack of fresh water had all the time hampered the growth of the town and the expansion of the pilgrimage trade.

Each had been held hostage by highly effective teams of native businessmen who maintained water tanks across the metropolis and charged exorbitant costs for the usually dangerously filthy contents.

In 1884, the Ottoman authorities launched into a plan to pipe water to Jeddah from a nicely at Al-Waziriya, about 12 km away.

In accordance to a paper revealed in the journal Comparative Research in Society and Historical past in October 2015, it took 3,000 males greater than three years to full the venture.

On its completion in 1888, wrote the creator Michael Low, a specialist in late Ottoman and modern Center Japanese historical past at Iowa State College, Jeddah “was graced by a new ornamental fountain, an ablutions station, a water depot, and a distribution reservoir and it appeared that the city had been rescued from the clutches of its water profiteers.”

However inside two years “it was becoming increasingly difficult to fill the water depot and distribution reservoirs.” The scheme had been sabotaged.

“The spring’s rapid decline was no engineering malfunction; local tank owners, prevented from selling rainwater, had hatched a plot to ‘cancel’ the benefits of Jeddah’s new water supply by purposefully clogging the water pipes.”

The Ottoman authorities turned in desperation to costly seawater filtration machines, two of which had been ordered for Jeddah and Yanbu in 1907.

Each had been up and operating by 1911, however “when the Saudis conquered the short-lived Hashemite Kingdom of the Hejaz in 1925, they inherited Jeddah’s chronic water problems.”

Desalinated water, which offered solely a fraction of the town’s every day wants, “was subject to frequent service disruptions.” Shortages of coal — precipitated first by Allied embargoes throughout World Struggle I and then by the combating in the Hejaz in 1924-1925 — led to firewood getting used to energy the Jeddah condenser which, irreparably broken, lastly broke down in 1927.

In 1926 and 1927, Ibn Saud imported two new machines, however distilled water remained an costly luxurious past the pockets of many and “Saudi leaders were desperate to rescue Jeddah from its dependency on condenser and tank water.”

A survey carried out by an American geologist in 1931 discovered “no geological evidence to justify the hope for flowing artesian wells” in the Hejaz, however Ibn Saud refused to quit.

Lastly, in 1942, a US agricultural mission carried out the primary systematic survey of the Kingdom’s water, geological, and agricultural sources — and found a supply of fresh water in a collection of springs in the foothills between 40 and 65 km east of the town in Wadi Fatima.

The surveyors concluded that the newfound supply was “sufficient to relieve Jeddah’s chronic water troubles” and Ibn Saud turned to the British agency Gellatly’s to make it occur.

“One of the interesting things about this project,” defined Cormack, the specialist researcher, “is that it was pushed personally by Abdul Aziz to improve water security in time for the Hajj in 1947.”

It was a race towards time, however it was a race that was gained.

Gellatly’s, in flip, appointed the British civil engineering agency D. Balfour & Sons to design and lead the venture, native contractors Mohammed and Abdullah bin Laden to excavate the trenches, and the Cairo-based Egyptian Firm for Concrete Cement Works to lay the pipes.

David Ross Balfour, chosen to lead the venture for his father’s agency, arrived in Jeddah on Nov. 21, 1946. Because the fantastically drawn plans provided on the market in the purple leatherette case present, Abu Shuaib, the nicely nearest to the town, was the primary to be related, and its water reached Jeddah on Nov. 15, 1947.

A purple leatherette pockets, dated December 1948 and bearing the phrases ‘City of Jeddah water supply,’ captures a key second in Saudi Arabia’s transformation into a modern state.

Success was celebrated simply three days later with a ceremony led by Crown Prince Saud, who would succeed his father in 1953. A whole bunch of native and overseas dignitaries had been current for the celebrations, which included readings from the Qur’an, speeches, poetry, gunfire and a flypast by a formation of Saudi Dakota plane.

The water from different wells was added to the circulation over the next years — full capability was reached in December 1950 — and the influence of the venture was each swift and outstanding, as a colourful passage in George Blake’s 1962 historical past of Gellatly’s recorded.

“Jeddah, partly due to that new and wonderful water supply, has now burst out of its ancient walls,” wrote creator Blake simply 15 years after the historic opening ceremony of Ibn Saud’s transformative waterworks. “They have literally come tumbling down as victims of the horns of plenty.”

Maybe essentially the most intriguing and traditionally vital of the 4 planning paperwork in the presentation set of drawings now on provide is a plan of Jeddah, dated to 1947.

Drawn on a scale of 1:2,500, it reveals in traditionally vital element a now-lost metropolis, comprising a tight-knit configuration of buildings and streets nonetheless contained inside partitions that dated again in some elements to the 16th century.

As the town started quickly to develop, the demolition of these partitions would start in the very 12 months that water lastly flowed into Jeddah from the Wadi Fatima.

——

SEARCH FOR OIL AND WATER

As a curious byproduct, Ibn Saud’s seek for water for Jeddah would additionally lead to the invention of one other pure useful resource — one that will rework Saudi Arabia’s fortunes.

In 1930, on the request of Ibn Saud, the New York industrialist and Arabist Charles R. Crane visited Jeddah to see the water downside for himself. Crane then despatched his chief geologist and engineer, Karl Twitchell, who had been engaged on a related venture in Yemen, to perform a survey of the Hejaz’s water sources.

Sadly, this survey, carried out by Twitchell in April 1931, discovered “no geological evidence to justify the hope for flowing artesian wells.”

A plan exhibiting Jeddah’s accomplished water provide system. (Getty Pictures)

In accordance to Michael Low, a specialist in late Ottoman and modern Center Japanese historical past at Iowa State College, “the Saudis had been disenchanted however undaunted.

Recognizing the precariousness of counting on the pilgrimage as their principal income stream, they requested Twitchell to discover various attainable sources of income” — and so it was that the seek for water in the Hejaz opened the door to the transformative miracle of oil.

Twitchell believed there could be industrial portions of oil in the Arabian Peninsula and the remaining, as they are saying, is historical past.

In 1931, Ibn Saud requested the geologist to undertake a survey of Al-Ahsa and the Arabian Gulf coast, and it was there that the American “would encounter the oil-rich environment that would eventually ensure Saudi Arabia’s global might.”

Twitchell’s papers, now held at Princeton College Library, reveal that Ibn Saud feared that by drastically decreasing the variety of pilgrims, the Nice Despair would wreck his plans for growth.

In 1932, he requested Twitchell to discover a US investor to fund oil exploration and, in Could 1933, Saudi Arabia granted a concession to the Customary Oil Firm of California, step one towards the muse of the Arabian American Oil Firm (Aramco), which at this time is the world’s largest oil agency.

Nonetheless, wrote Low in the journal Comparative Research in Society and Historical past in 2015, “this didn’t imply that oil immediately turned the Saudis’ prime precedence.

They nonetheless believed that water was key to their consolidation of the peninsula.”

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awesomeshakeel-blog1 · 5 years

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Saudi Arabia’s first female crane operators have received their operating permits at the King Abdul Aziz Port (KAP), state news agency SPA reported on Tuesday.

The women will operate remote-controlled cranes introduced as part of KAP’s push to introduce new technologies in all departments at its container terminals, which is also the first terminal to be operated by the International Ports Services Ltd (IPS).

#Saudi Arabia #King Abdul Aziz #first female #crane operators #The Rahnuma Daily

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fatimaonegcc-blog · 5 years

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How Saudi Arabia is improving railways?

Saudi Arabia is on the road to developing its own rail networks as part of the GCC push to increase regional transport, with the Al Haramain high speed rail running at almost full capacity, the Riyadh metro is almost completed and another 800 kilometers, Northern and Southern Ferries.

Such projects help the country move towards achieving the goals of Vision 2030. Transport is a key driver of the economic boom that will take place as the Kingdom's economy moves away from oil dependence and provides many vacancies in Riyadh to youth in various fields.

The first railway line in Saudi Arabia, between Riyadh and Dammam, opened in 1951. "It was opened by the founder of King Abdul Aziz and the late King Saud, who put the screw in the last mile in the route from Dammam to Riyadh," said Dr. Rumaih, President of the Public Transport Authority in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Speaking at the Middle East Railway Conference, part of the Middle East's Smart Mobility event in Dubai last week, he presented an update on ambitious transport plans in the Kingdom.

"The current line has transported 1.8 million passengers in 2018 and we are working to improve services and increase speed, with our goal this year to increase from 160 km to 180 km, and we have transported 700,000 containers from the port of Dammam to Riyadh Dry Port."

The Al Haramain High Railway is another project launched last year by King Salman, a 450 km line of state-of-the-art high technology connecting five stations between the city and Mecca at a distance of 300 km / h.

#jobs #gulf jobs #jobs hiring

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bookingaccess-blog · 5 years

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Transportation system of transports, taxicabs.

Saudi Arabia is apparently the most persuasive nation in the Middle East and is outstanding for its broad oil economy. It is an all around associated nation having a transportation system of transports, taxicabs, and planes.

Getting By on a Bus

Most new transports are cooled and worked by the Saudi Arabian Public Transport Company. They direct a few courses around the city, all which in the long run come back to downtown Ballad. They additionally have countless interfacing from Jeddah to most urban communities in the Kingdom. They additionally work global courses. Their fundamental transport terminal for away goals is situated in downtown Ballad, however there are autonomous transport administrators who benefit different territories. The majority of these transports suit somewhere in the range of 30 and 45 individuals.

Going by Taxi

The quickest and most available method for getting around the city is by taking a cab. They're difficult to miss, since every taxus is white in shading. Taxi meters, however working, are not by any stretch of the imagination being used on generally taxis. Consequently, you'll probably need to wrangle at the cost. Ladies are especially subject to taxis, since no one but men can drive vehicles or bikes in the nation.

Touching base at the Airport

Jeddah, as a business and modern center point, is associated with most significant aircrafts. These carriers connect the nation to goals all through the world and can be found at Jeddah's King Abdul Aziz International Airport. Household courses are adjusted by the Kingdom's banner transporter, SAUDIA, and a couple exclusive carriers.

Street Transportation Jeddah Saudi Arabia

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Saudi Arabia is seemingly the most compelling nation in the Middle East and is outstanding for its broad oil economy. It is a very much associated nation having a transportation system of transports, cabs, and planes.

Getting By on a Bus

Most new transports are cooled and worked by the Saudi Arabian Public Transport Company. They lead a few courses around the city, all which in the long run come back to downtown Ballad. They additionally have countless associating from Jeddah to most urban areas in the Kingdom. They additionally work global courses. Their principle transport terminal for away goals is situated in downtown Ballad, however there are autonomous transport administrators who benefit different regions. The vast majority of these transports suit somewhere in the range of 30 and 45 individuals.

Going by Taxi

The quickest and most available method for getting around the city is by taking a cab. They're difficult to miss, since every taxus is white in shading. Taxi meters, however working, are not by any stretch of the imagination being used on generally taxis. Therefore, you'll in all likelihood need to wrangle at the cost. Ladies are especially reliant on taxicabs, since no one but men can drive autos or bikes in the nation.

Touching base at the Airport

Jeddah, as a business and mechanical center point, is associated with most significant aircrafts. These carriers interface the nation to goals all through the world and can be found at Jeddah's King Abdul Aziz International Airport. Residential courses are adjusted by the Kingdom's banner transporter, SAUDIA, and a couple exclusive aircrafts.

Street Transportation Jeddah Saudi Arabia

It is safe to say that you are searching for street transportation benefits that will convey your freight through safe methods? At that point you are here at the correct place. What's more, there is no compelling reason to stress any longer as Jeddah Movers is here to remove your pressure and inconveniences!

Why Trust Our Road Transportation Services?

We are one of most arranged and confided in cargo forwarder organizations in the nation of Saudi Arabia. Our street transport organization has a broad system covering all the essential urban communities of the nation including Jeddah. Our street transportation administrations are one of the techniques through which we securely transport your bundles and items to your required goal at the ideal place and ideal time. Our cargo sending organization conveys cargo through different techniques, for example, street, ocean, and air.

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Best trucking organizations in Jeddah

We highly esteem the capacity to react to our clients' needs with quality administration and sensible costs through our region of tasks. Our group of prepared experts has the ability to react to the consistently evolving necessities, requests, and difficulties of our clients. Saudi transport holders to various urban areas in Saudi Arabia , is likewise a crucial piece of our administrations. We are best trucking organizations. A standout amongst the best Saudi trucking organizations.

Being a transporters in Jeddah, we are a standout amongst the best transportation organizations in Jeddah. As a vehicle holder organization, we give Jeddah Riyadh transport, as well as every single significant city .. Our offices Our broad transportation capacities incorporate multi-purpose strategies, for example, ocean cargo to Saudi. at that point inland development by street. We have great rates from naqel , and red ocean holders for import and fares Saudi. Great relations with holder administrations worldwide of Globe trucking Jeddah, Syinco dpa Jeddah port, Gulf compartment terminals. What's more, other delivery co. Buzyb Shipping, transporters in Jeddah Saudi Arabia, trucking organizations, substantial transport, arrive transport administrations Jeddah Dubai, Riyadh, Dammam, by street.

Delivery Container Depot in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia for Container Handling, Storage, Reporting and Repair.

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We are a typical client holder station with a wide scope of clients who depend on our work. Our clients incorporate significant holder shipping lines, compartment renting organizations, merchants exporters, brokers who utilize our terminal as appropriation point for stacking emptying, stuffing and De-vanning of load and holders, and household compartment deals and rental organizations.

Thales is a world chief in hardware and security frameworks, expanding on its mastery to give arrangements that set the standard in the transportation business. The Group structures, creates, and conveys transport gear, frameworks and administrations, giving start to finish arrangements in Saudi Arabia.

With mounting proof of the financial advantages of an interconnected Gulf area, Thales is a key accomplice for intra-provincial rail ventures. In 2009, an ETCS Level 2 flagging contract was granted by Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund (PIF) for the North-South Railway (NSR). The NSR extends for 2,400km, and intends to ease versatility for cargo and travelers crosswise over one of the harshest desert conditions on earth.

As a major aspect of this undertaking, Thales conveys its primary line European standard coordinated arrangement ETCS Level 2, interlockings, rail field components, an Operation Control Center (OCC), interchanges, traveler data and security arrangements, just as framework reconnaissance and charge accumulation frameworks. The task speaks to the longest ETCS framework on the planet, interfacing Riyadh with the north of the Kingdom. In September 2016, Thales has been granted an agreement to play out the upkeep of the North South line.

Thales was additionally granted an agreement in 2009, by China Railway Construction Corp., to supply, coordinate and convey its demonstrated driverless train control and media transmission frameworks for the Al Mashaaer Al Mugaddassah metro venture. The undertaking, the primary arranged metro in the Mecca district, is roughly 20km long and includes Thales' reality driving SelTrac Communications-Based Train Control (CBTC) arrangement. A sub-station is given to every one of the three principle territories adjusted by the metro venture.

The trains additionally give an ability to move 72,000 travelers for every hour per course. The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia's Ministry of Municipal and Rural Affairs (MOMRA) procured Thales' completely coordinated correspondences arrangement which incorporated an Operation Control Center (OCC), CCTV, SCADA2 and a programmed location and data framework. The Southern Metro Line currently retains a piece of the colossal transport request amid the Hajj (journey) period, encouraging the portability of two million individuals.

Website- www.travel4umrah.com

#Transport Service #Hotel Booking #Travel Service #Transport Service In Madinah

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logisticstracking-blog · 5 years

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GH Express Tracking

Enter GH Express Tracking number in below web tracker tool to track and trace your Courier Service, Cargo, Transport and Get Live delivery status details quickly.

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recentnews18-blog · 5 years

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New Post has been published on https://shovelnews.com/mbs-my-strange-experience-of-teaching-the-saudi-crown-prince-bbc-news/

MBS: My strange experience of teaching the Saudi crown prince - BBC News

Saudi Arabia’s controversial Crown Prince Mohammed Bin Salman was little known to the outside world before becoming its attention-grabbing de facto leader. Here, BBC Arabic’s Rachid Sekkai, who taught Mohammed Bin Salman English as a child, gives a rare glimpse of life in the royal court.

I was teaching in the prestigious Al-Anjal school in Jeddah when I got the call in early 1996. The governor of Riyadh, Prince Salman bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud, had temporarily moved with his family to the Red Sea port city, and needed an English teacher for his children.

The man who would later become king contacted the school and I was swiftly whisked off to the royal palace to become a private tutor to some of the children from his first marriage: Prince Turki, Prince Nayef, Prince Khalid, and of course, Prince Mohammed.

I lived in a flat in an up and coming area of the city. A chauffeur would pick me up at 07:00 to take me to Al-Anjal school and once lessons were over in the mid-afternoon, the driver would take me to the palace.

Once through the heavily guarded gates, the car would wind past a series of jaw-dropping villas with immaculate gardens maintained by workers in white uniforms. There was a car park filled with a fleet of exclusive luxury cars. It was the first time I saw what looked like a pink Cadillac.

Who is Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed?

On arrival at the royal fortress, I would be ushered in by the palace director, Mansoor El-Shahry – a middle-aged man whom the 11-year-old Prince Mohammed was close to and fond of.

Walkie-talkie

Mohammed also seemed more interested in spending time with palace guards instead of following my lessons. As the oldest of his siblings, he seemed to be allowed to do as he pleased.

My ability to command the younger princes’ attention would only last until Mohammed would turn up.

I still have a memory of him using a walkie-talkie in our classes, borrowed from one of the guards. He would use it to make cheeky remarks about me and crack jokes between his brothers and the guards on the other end.

Today, the 33-year-old prince is the minister of defence and heir to the Saudi throne.

Since becoming Saudi Arabia’s de facto leader last year, MBS has tried to position himself as the kingdom’s moderniser. In the face of opposition from conservative clerics, he spearheaded much-needed economic reforms and embarked on a programme of liberalisation in the staunchly conservative country.

Praised for some of his measures, he has also been criticised over Saudi Arabia’s record on human rights, its seemingly endless war in Yemen and the recent murder of Saudi journalist and critic Jamaal Khashoggi in the kingdom’s consulate in Turkey in October.

Saudi Arabia has charged 11 people with the murder and denies the crown prince had any involvement.

Is the Saudi Crown prince finished?

The Jamal Khashoggi story so far

On one occasion, I was taken aback when Mohammed told me that his mother, the princess, had said I seemed like “a true gentleman”. I had no recollection of meeting her – Saudi women royalty don’t appear in front of strangers – and the only female I came across was a nanny from the Philippines.

I was oblivious to the fact that I was being watched, until the future heir to the throne pointed to some CCTV cameras on the wall. From that point onwards I would always feel self-conscious in my lessons.

Within a short time, I become fond of Mohammed and his younger siblings. Though I was teaching princes in a world of privilege, my palace pupils were, very much like my school students, curious to learn but keen to play around.

Faux pas

One day, the palace director Mansoor El-Shahry asked me to meet the future king, who wanted to find out about his children’s academic progress. I thought this might be a good opportunity to address Prince Mohammed’s mischief.

I waited outside Prince Salman’s office, next to the princes’ other tutors who seemed familiar with royal court protocol.

When he appeared before us, the teachers instinctively rose up and I watched in awe as they approached the Riyadh governor one by one, bowed, kissed his hand, hastily conferred about the children and moved on.

When my turn came, I couldn’t, for the life of me bend like they did. I had never done it before. And before I froze completely, I reached out to take the future king’s hand and I shook it firmly.

I remember a faint grin of amazement on his face; however, he made no fuss about my faux pas.

I didn’t mention what Prince Mohammed had been up to in my lessons because by then I had decided to give it all up and return to the UK.

Soon after, Mr El-Shahry gave me a scathing telling off for failing to follow royal etiquette.

Apart from Prince Khaled, who went on to become Saudi Arabia’s ambassador to the US, the other royal siblings I taught have mainly chosen to stay away from the public eye.

Now I look back at my brief tenure as a remarkable episode in my life and watch my former young charge as he bestrides the world stage.

Source: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-46437631

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mikemortgage · 6 years

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Saudi crown prince’s carefully managed rise hides dark side

DUBAI, United Arab Emirates — In a kingdom once ruled by an ever-aging rotation of elderly monarchs, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman stands out as the youthful face of a youthful nation. But behind the carefully calibrated public-relations campaign pushing images of the smiling prince meeting with the world’s top leaders and business executives lurks a darker side.

Last year, at age 31, Mohammed became the kingdom’s crown prince, next in line to the throne now held by his octogenarian father, King Salman. While pushing for women to drive, he has overseen the arrest of women’s rights activists. While calling for foreign investment, he has imprisoned businessmen, royals and others in a crackdown on corruption that soon resembled a shakedown of the kingdom’s most powerful people.

As Saudi defence minister from the age of 29, he pursued a war in Yemen against Shiite rebels that began a month after he took the helm and wears on today.

A poster of Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman with a phrase reading in Arabic, ” God protect you” is seen on a highway in the northern Lebanese port city of Tripoli in 2017.

What the crown prince chooses next likely will affect the world’s largest oil producer for decades to come. And as the disappearance and feared death of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi in Istanbul may show, the young prince will brook no dissent in reshaping the kingdom in his image.

“I don’t want to waste my time,” he told Time Magazine in a cover story this year. “I am young.”

Jamal Khashoggi, the veteran Saudi journalist who has been critical of the government, has gone missing after visiting the kingdom’s consulate in Istanbul on Oct. 2, 2018.

Khashoggi, a U.S. resident who wrote several columns for The Washington Post critical of Prince Mohammed, disappeared Oct. 2 on a visit to the Saudi consulate in Istanbul. Turkish officials have offered no evidence, but say they fear the writer was killed and dismembered by a Saudi team of 15 men — an operation that, if carried out, would have to have been authorized by the top of the Al Saud monarchy. The kingdom describes the allegation as “baseless,” but has provided no proof that Khashoggi ever left the consulate.

For decades in Saudi Arabia, succession passed down among the dozens of sons of the kingdom’s founder, King Abdul-Aziz. And, over time, the sons have grown older and older upon reaching the throne.

When King Salman took power in January of 2015 and quickly appointed Prince Mohammed as defence minister, it took the kingdom by surprise, especially given the importance of the position and the prince’s age.

He was little-known among the many grandchildren of Saudi Arabia’s patriarch, a young man educated only in the kingdom who stuck close to his father, who previously served as the governor of Riyadh, the Saudi capital.

A demonstrator wears a mask of Saudi Arabia Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman during a protest outside of Saudi Arabia’s Embassy about the disappearance of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi.

As defence minister, he entered office facing a crisis in Yemen, the Arab world’s poorest country, which lies south of the kingdom. Shiite rebels known as Houthis had overrun the country’s capital, Sanaa, unseating the deeply unpopular government of Abed Rabbo Mansour Hadi.

When Hadi fled and it appeared the country’s port city of Aden would fall to the rebels, Saudi Arabia launched a coalition war against the Houthis — a conflict that soon became a stalemate.

The United Nations estimates 10,000 people have been killed in Yemen’s conflict, and activists say that number is likely far higher. It has exacerbated what the U.N. calls the world’s worst humanitarian crisis, with hunger and cholera stalking civilians, worsened by the kingdom’s blockade of ports.

A nurse tends to a Yemeni child suffering from malnutrition at a hospital in the northern district of Abs. The three-year conflict between Yemen’s Saudi-backed government and Huthi rebels linked to Iran has pushed the already impoverished country to the brink of famine.

Meanwhile, the Saudi-led coalition has faced widespread criticism for its airstrikes hitting clinics and marketplaces, which have killed civilians. The Houthis, as well, have indiscriminately used land mines and arrested political opponents.

The coalition says Iran has funneled weapons to the Houthis ranging from small arms to the ballistic missiles now regularly fired into the kingdom, which Iran denies.

For Prince Mohammed, the conflict remains part of what he sees as an existential struggle between Saudi Arabia and Iran for the future of the Middle East. Asked about Western concerns over civilian casualties, he offers this: “Mistakes happen in all wars.”

“We don’t need to have a new Hezbollah in the Arabian Peninsula. This is a red line not only for Saudi Arabia but for the whole world,” the prince recently told Bloomberg, referring to the Iran-allied Shiite militant group and political party dominant in Lebanon.

The prince also found himself involved in the bizarre resignation-by-television address of Lebanese Prime Minister Saad Hariri, who announced he would step down during a visit to the kingdom in November 2017, fuelling suspicion he was coerced into doing so.

Prince Mohammed’s harsh rhetoric extends to likening Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei to Nazi Germany’s Adolf Hitler. He’s also hinted Saudi Arabia would be willing to fight Iran in other ways, leading Tehran to link the kingdom to an attack on a military parade in Ahvaz last month that killed at least 24 people and wounded more than 60. Both Arab separatists and the Islamic State group claimed responsibility for the assault.

“We won’t wait for the battle to be in Saudi Arabia,” the prince told the Saudi-owned broadcasting company MBC last year. “Instead, we will work so that the battle is for them in Iran, not in Saudi Arabia.”

In this March 20, 2018 photo, President Donald Trump shows a chart highlighting arms sales to Saudi Arabia during a meeting with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in the Oval Office. The U.S. and Saudi Arabia are now clashing over the disappearance of Saudi government critic Jamal Khashoggi.

His aggressive posture against Iran has won the support of U.S. President Donald Trump and his administration, which pulled out of the Iran nuclear deal struck by President Barack Obama, whom the kingdom deeply distrusted.

Before becoming crown prince, Prince Mohammed visited the White House and forged a close relationship with Trump son-in-law Jared Kushner. The two are believed to be working on the administration’s peace plans for Israel and the Palestinians.

Trump made Riyadh his first stop overseas as president, a visit complete with Arab pageantry and opulence. Behind the scenes, many analysts believe Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Egypt and the United Arab Emirates saw a green light to move ahead with the ongoing boycott of Qatar, a small Arabian Peninsula nation, over a political dispute.

Trump initially seemed to favour the boycott of Qatar, which is home to al-Udeid Air Base, the forward headquarters of the U.S. military’s Central Command.

Trump’s first Secretary of State, Rex Tillerson, sought in vain to pressure the Saudis into resolving the spat and complained privately that the ties between the White House and Prince Mohammed were hurting the effort, officials said at the time. Tillerson’s dismissal in March and the arrival of Mike Pompeo as Trump’s top diplomat markedly reduced the State Department’s heat on Saudi Arabia about the detentions of human rights activists, including women, and the conflict in Yemen.

Despite the mounting civilian casualties in Yemen, Pompeo certified to Congress in September that Saudi Arabia was taking steps to reduce and limit them, drawing severe condemnations from lawmakers and human rights groups.

Saudi Arabia soon embarked on the prince’s ambitious proposal to allow women in the ultraconservative Wahhabi nation to drive. The resulting pictures of women in long black abayas behind the wheel represented a public-relations coup for the image-shaping firms employed by the kingdom, as did footage of women attending soccer matches and movie theatres for the first time in decades.

But before women started their engines, a new crackdown emerged: The kingdom rounded up and imprisoned women’s rights activists, including reportedly grabbing one woman who was in the neighbouring United Arab Emirates.

Prince Mohammed has wowed the business world with promises of an initial public offering for the state oil behemoth Saudi Arabian Oil Co., known as Saudi Aramco, suggesting it would have a US$2 trillion valuation. Stocks markets around the world have pitched having the IPO on their exchanges, but it has been repeatedly delayed.

The young prince has travelled across the U.S. as part of his business pitch, meeting leaders like former New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg and Amazon billionaire Jeff Bezos, who owns The Washington Post.

In this Wednesday March 7, 2018 file photo, Queen Elizabeth II greets Saudi Arabian Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia Mohammed bin Salman, during a private audience at Buckingham Palace in London.

Prince Mohammed also hosted a major business summit at Riyadh’s Ritz Carlton, complete with a humanoid robot named Sophia being awarded Saudi citizenship.

Only weeks later, the hotel turned into a luxury prison as part of a mass arrest of businessmen, royals and others orchestrated by Prince Mohammed in a move described as targeting corruption. Those released agreed to sign over some of their assets, however, giving it the feel of a shakedown.

“If I have the power and the king has the power to take action against influential people, then you are already fundamentally strong,” Prince Mohammed told CBS earlier this year.

For now, the anger over Khashoggi’s disappearance appears to have galvanized international criticism of the young prince, about whom the columnist wrote critically for the Post.

Trump, already angry over rising global oil prices, has said he wants answers from Saudi Arabia and suggested Khashoggi’s fiancee could visit the White House.

Prominent American lawmakers also are indignant — though U.S.-Saudi relations have survived even the 15 of the 19 Sept. 11 hijackers being from the kingdom.

The opaqueness of the Al Saud royal family makes it difficult to see what effect the controversy is having on support for Prince Mohammed at home. State television continues to air footage of him aattending meetings and greeting officials as if all is normal.

And as the son of the king, analysts say he has the full protection of the throne’s powers.

Once asked if anything could stop him, the prince gave a two-word reply: “Only death.”

Associated Press writer Matthew Lee in Washington contributed to this report.

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hudsonespie · 4 years

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Photos: The USCG in the Persian Gulf War and the Origins of the PSU

[By Capt. John R. Olson, United States Coast Guard Reserve (retired)]

Photo of the compound built by PSU 301 of Buffalo, New York, at the port of Al-Jubail, Saudi Arabia. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

PSU 301’s Raider Boat patrolling the Port of Al Jubail, Saudi Arabia, with Saudi interpreter on board. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

Lt. Steven Day (later Rear Admiral), PSU 302 Operations Officer, on board a Saudi patrol vessel with Saudi Frontier Force personnel. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

PSU 302’s protective dockside bunker at the Port of Manama, Bahrain. (Courtesy of Capt. John Olson, ret.)

This article appears courtesy of Coast Guard Compass and may be found in its original form here.

from Storage Containers https://www.maritime-executive.com/article/photos-the-uscg-in-the-persian-gulf-war-and-the-origins-of-the-psu via http://www.rssmix.com/

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boombergnews · 6 years

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MAR’IB, Yemen – Outdoors a quiet, rundown constructing on the sting of the town, just a few younger boys hobble quietly within the scorching afternoon solar. Every is lacking a significant a part of their physique – a hand, a leg, an arm.

Inside that constructing is new hope for every: Prosthetic limbs are being lower, carved, melted and molded.

Younger affected person lately outfitted with a brand new leg waits for his coaching session exterior the Ma’rib prosthetics middle in Yemen

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

“Generally I am going to my workplace to cry for every of those depressing tales,” Dr. Haitham Ahmed Ali Ahmed, a Sudanese volunteer with Physicians Throughout Continents, informed Fox Information. “It isn’t truthful, however we do no matter we will to offer them one other likelihood.”

Such an enterprise has turn out to be an all too widespread craft within the nation battered by practically three years of intense battle between a Saudi Arabia-led coalition intent on restoring the internationally acknowledged Yemen authorities, and the Iranian-aligned Houthi rebels who’ve taken over strategic ports and cities.

Demand for brand spanking new limbs is so excessive in Yemen that on-site amenities needed to be created because the battle drags on

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

The marketplace for prosthetics turned so excessive that opening an in-house facility – full with a warehouse of supplies and power workshop – was deemed a necessity. The Ma’rib middle opened subsequent to the Common Hospital in February 2017, and in a single yr alone, 305 prosthetic limbs have been fitted to greater than 195 victims.

Eight-year-old Mohammad waits within the hope he’ll obtain a brand new arm

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

The ready room is stuffed with tiny youngsters, revealing stumps the place there have been as soon as legs and arms. The youngsters cling to their fathers, who usually have misplaced a limb as effectively. There are niether tears nor screams.

In an adjoining non-public room, stocked excessive with physique part-making provides, a burka-clad 26-year-old girl sits with a feminine medical skilled as she has measurements taken for a brand new hand to be sketched and sculpted.

“The beneficiary is available in, we full a type about their harm and we take the measurements. Then after just a few days they arrive again for the primary becoming and coaching,” defined Dr. Mohammed Abdo Al-Qubati, head of the Saudi King Salman Humanitarian Help and Reduction Basis (KS Reduction) funded prosthetics middle. “After 5 days of coaching, they will get their new limb.”

Mohammad Abdul Aziz, a bus driver from Sana’a, trains together with his new leg beneath the knee

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

The coaching course of is fraught with challenges. One 33-year-old man, Mohammad Abdul Aziz, wearily hauls himself upright as he grips two wood bars on both aspect of him – struggling to try to stroll once more with a brand new synthetic leg, beneath the knee. Eight months in the past, the bus driver from Yemen’s capital Sana’a misplaced his leg in an assault.

“I simply need to return to work once more for my household,” Aziz mutters.

Demand for synthetic limbs is nationwide. The expertise deployed to varied on-site factories in Yemen is commonly reported to be new. However supplies are typically outdated – which means even young children haven’t any selection however to be outfitted with limbs which are weighty, hardly purposeful, and seemingly beauty.

YEMEN’S CHILD SOLDIERS FACE LONG ROAD AFTER SEXUAL, PHYSICAL ABUSE

WIVES AND MOTHERS ON YEMEN’S FRONTLINE FIGHT TO FREE THOUSANDS OF MEN FROM PRISON HELL

Correct knowledge is not possible to come back by, but it surely’s anticipated greater than a thousand youngsters are actually in want of prosthetics, with the quantity rising nearly each day. And as for who’s guilty for the carnage, there’s sufficient for each side.

The Saudi-led coalition has been broadly accused by human rights teams and far of the worldwide neighborhood of indiscriminate focusing on in its aerial marketing campaign. The opposing Houthis, too, have been blamed for haphazard shelling, and leaving the nation littered in landmines, exposing Yemenis not solely to deadly threats now, however for generations.

A number of youngsters from Sana’a, now at a displacement camp close to Ma’rib, are in determined want of medical consideration

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

Saudi Arabia claims greater than 600,000 mines have been found in areas now liberated from Houthi management, together with greater than 130,000 globally prohibited sea mines. Consequently, greater than 1,500 deaths have been recorded, and a minimum of four,000 injured or completely disabled.

A lot of the victims are mentioned to be girls, youngsters and the aged.

“Sixty p.c of the instances are on account of mines,” Al-Qubati mentioned. “Thirty p.c from highway accidents, and the remainder principally from gun photographs.”

Displacement camp for Yemenis fleeing the combating

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

Yemen was thought of the poorest nation within the Center East even earlier than the battle. Sustained battle has solely spiraled the nation into an additional cycle of starvation, illness, poverty, demise and destruction.

Youngster holds a child affected by malnutrition in Yemen

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

The specialists on the Ma’rib middle are principally from close by Center East international locations, together with Turkey and Syria. However Yemenis are within the technique of being skilled, with the last word aim being for them to quickly run the power on their very own.

In the meantime, at a close-by camp, a number of Yemenis caught within the crossfire have been left disabled. Their lives seem frozen, as they try and get via the day with misplaced limbs, dwelling in arid situations, the notion of even receiving a manufactured physique half one thing of a faraway luxurious.

A number of younger boys from Sana’a have been wounded after enjoying with what turned out to be a landmine

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

There are not any colleges or medical clinics or work alternatives within the tent-dotted patch of mud. Day by day life revolves round ready for the stalemate battle to finish. There’s additionally a ready checklist of a minimum of 10 different households ready for area to open up within the closed camp.

In a single case, a wheelchair-bound mom and son await additional medical assist – which they worry won’t ever come. Little boys with out arms sit close by, in some moments laughing with each other, at different instances staring in silence.

Help employees from Saudi’s KS Reduction Basis endeavor to raise the spirits of displaced youngsters in Ma’rib, Yemen

(Fox Information/Hollie McKay)

“They went exterior to play with one thing,” mentioned one camp employee from KS Reduction. “But it surely turned out to be a bomb.”

On prime of their already dire disabilities, the specter of malnutrition, cholera, hen pox and diphtheria looms for all of the Yemenis – younger and previous – stuffed into small, dusty tents.

“We try to assist with the limbs and the accidents you possibly can see,” provides one other employee. “But it surely’s those you possibly can’t – the trauma, the persecution, working from house, in some ways that’s nearly more durable to heal.”

Hollie McKay has been a FoxNews.com employees reporter since 2007. She has reported extensively from the Center East on the rise and fall of terrorist teams similar to ISIS in Iraq. Observe her on twitter at @holliesmckay

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The post Yemen’s war on body parts sparks cottage industry in prosthetic limbs appeared first on BoomBerg News.

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stunningvacationtips · 6 years

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The Beautiful and Famous Places of Dammam,Saudi Arabia

Dammam is the resources of Easter province of Soudi arabia and also is famous for its different manmade destinations Enjoy as well as make your getaways more comfortable and enriching.

Dammam is the funding of the Eastern District of Saudi Arabia, the most oil-rich region worldwide. The judicial and administrative bodies of the province and a number of gov divisions are located in the city. Dammam is the biggest city in the Eastern District and third largest in Saudi Arabia, after Riyadh and also Jeddah. It's an essential business hub and port.

The Saudi Arabian city is renowned for several of one of the most important oil refining centers worldwide. It's the biggest city in the EasternProvince and also an extremely crucial Port of Saudi Arabia. Dammam in Saudi Arabia stretches into the various other 2 essential cities of Al-Khobar as well as Dhahran.

One of the most preferred traveler attractions of the community of Dammam, is the Dammam Corniche.A scenic check out all-natural elegance, Dammam Corniche creates part of the big beach job stretching from Aziziah Beach to Tarot card Island. Interspersed along the Corniche are large, modern-day art setups, which reflect the creative thinking of the makers as well as the nation's love of art. The Corniche is really a local destination for households and friends free of cost time, particularly in the evenings after job to savor.

Major Attractions of Dammam

When you go to Dammam, you would not desire to miss the city's lovely historical sites and also attractions. Places you could travel to and also check out are King Fahd Park, Fifty percent Moon Coastline, the Coastal Sports Facility, Alkhleej Makarim Village, Corniche Dammam, Coral reefs Island, Heritage Centre Dammam and King Abdul Aziz Seaport.

The HeritageVillage:

This heritage building is the gem of EasternProvince a straight result 15 years of taking a trip and also love for Saudi Arabian vintages and style of an individual called Mr Saad AlBalahi. The 5 floor fortress like constructing homes lots of ancient tools, apparatus, old photo charts, jewelries as well as lots of even more things that you seldom see. Not just that, you reach eat inside this stunning location. And also to enhance the ambience, you could decide to eat in the major hall, in the center of the pond or any kind of one of the Arabian areas which were enhanced with different decorations as well as style of various Saudi Arabian region.

Sports Centre or the KingFahdPark:

Dammam at Saudi Arabia provides several taking in the sights opportunities to its site visitors. One can have a look at the Coastal Sports Centre or the KingFahdPark. The Sports Centre reveals the passion among the Arab young people for sporting activities while the Park displays the kind of plants that the city has.

Half Moon beach:

Another location at Dammam, the sector ideal hideaway for site visitors, is the Fifty percent Moon coastline. Shaped like a fifty percent moon, the peaceful excellent trait about sea water and the sandy coast of the coastline is an excellent location to revitalize from the active and noisy cities.

Alkhleej Makarim:

The most considerable of all vacationer locations at Dammam of Saudi Arabia is the AlkhleejMakarimVillage on the Fifty percent Moon Beach. This actually is one of the really well-known lavish resorts in the entire Middle East region.

Dammam Travel Guide

Muslims and also non Muslims are urged to see this marvelous capital of scotland - the eastern province. Lady to embellish modestly and also do not bring drugs to Saudi Arabia because it is strictly banned.

Getting In and Around:

You will certainly get to Dammam by air or by land. You have the ability to prefer to make use of the bus, the train in addition to drive your car to Dammam from the of the surrounding Gulf States. Dammam is with the King Fahd International Airport terminal. Several international airline company providers operate regular trips to Dammam. The flight terminal is situated 50 kilometres from the city. The Dammam train station, as a matter of fact, offers trains that attach Dammam to Hufuf, Riyadh and Abqiaq. The SAPTCO bus terminal provides normal transport services to and from Bahrain and also various other factors of the country. For those that have your very own or rented automobile, you are able to take the GCC road and also the kingdom's modern freeway network to achieve Dammam.

Accommodations:

There are numerous excellent choices offered with concerns to lodging and there are accommodations that fit every budget plan. A variety of one of the most popular hotels are Dammam Royal residence Hotel, Sheraton Dammam Hotel and also Towers, Ramada Dammam Hotel and Suites, Golden Tulip Al Hamra as well as Tulip Inn - Dammam. A number of these resorts supply comfy areas, excellent facilities and also are located.

Best Time to Visit:

Travelers could click Dammam October to June annually and also can enjoy this fantastic city.

#destination #flights #hotels #travel #travel guide #travel to #trip

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