"In a famous scene in Book 6 of 'The Iliad,' Andromache, accompanied by her baby son and enslaved nurse, begs her husband, the great Trojan warrior Hector, to adopt a less dangerous military strategy, rather than face the enemy on the open plain. He refuses, and they part for the last time. In the original Greek, the wife and husband each use the same word to address one another: 'daimonios.' The word is cognate with 'daimōn' — 'spirit' or 'deity' (from which we get the English 'demon') — and presumably suggests, in its most literal sense, that a person is influenced by some superhuman power. Yet it is surprisingly common in Homer, generally used when one individual addresses another. It is sometimes taken to suggest little more than 'Sir' or 'Ma’am'; sometimes the context suggests it is negative ('possessed' or 'crazy'), sometimes the opposite ('You marvelous person!').
Many translators of this scene use different renditions of the word in the two instances. In Lattimore, Andromache calls Hector 'Dearest,' while he calls her 'Poor Andromache!'; in Fagles, Andromache calls Hector 'Reckless one,' while Hector calls Andromache 'Dear one'; in Fitzgerald, Andromache uses 'Wild one,' and Hector uses 'Unquiet soul' (a lovely phrase lifted from Shakespeare’s 'Merchant of Venice' — although oral poetry does not abound in clever literary quotations). I felt it was important to use the same word for both the wife addressing the husband, and the husband addressing the wife, to echo the symmetry suggested in the original, and I used 'strange' in both instances ('strange man … strange woman,' echoing the different genders of the original). I hoped that this word might hint at the Greek term’s suggestion of something unusual, perhaps divine or inhuman. This heartbreaking scene evokes both deep intimacy and profound estrangement between husband and wife, one of whom will soon be dead and the other enslaved."
- Emily Wilson, from "Emily Wilson on 5 crucial decisions she made in her ‘Iliad’ translation." Washington Post, 20 September 2023.
Ancient Greeks divided love in different categories due to their need to classify and give a name to everything. They had eight different types of love:
’αγάπη (agapē): unconditional love, mental, sometimes it can be not reciprocated
φιλία (philia): affection between friends, parents
ερως (érōs): physical love, it's about the sexual aspect; something that cannot be satiated (it doesn't necessarily have to be satisfied)
αντέρως (antérōs): reciprocated love, there’s a bond
’ιμεροσ (hī́meros): unstoppable love (it must be satisfied)
πόθος (póthos): desire (imaginary, dreamed)
στοργή (storgḗ): tender love, sweet (family love)
θέλημα (thélēma): devotion (love for what you do)
Let me know if you like this type of post and if you want me to do more.
the way the ancient Greek poet, Sappho of Lesbos, likely would have written her name. I got this new tat last week on a research trip to study her impact on the queer community, now she will be with me always.
a translator's note i read a long time ago on a sappho poem said that the word they had translated as "boy" and which others had translated as "girl" was technically a gender neutral word meaning "fair youth"
they went with boy because that usage was more common but i think actually the best translation of that poem must be
sweet mother i cannot weave for slender aphrodite has overcome me with longing for a twink
The second part of my “Hellhounds through History” for @juliet-hellhound-week! While the other vase was more of a dedication to Juliet, this vase serves more as a warning to unfortunate souls….
The design, including the running person and the style of Juliet is based off of real vases.
The words are “ευλαβεισο την κυνα του Ταρταρου• ο δαιμων η Ιουλιετα”, which means “Beware the dog of Hell, the demon Juliet” :)
Part 1
More info and ID below!
I wrote the words in boustrophedon, which is the writing system used in Ancient Greece where every other line is reverse with flipped letters. It’s not totally accurate because I had to use lowercase instead of all caps, or else the letters wouldnt all fit lol.
As mentioned in my old Crowley edit post, i chose “Tartarus” instead of “Hades” to translate “hell”, since the place of Hades is the afterlife in general, and Tartarus is the place of torture. And of course, “daimon” doesnt have the same connotations as English “demon”, but its the best fit! I chose “ευλαβεισθαι” instead of “φυλασσομαι” because it means “to fear, beware, have reverence for”, etc, rather than “to beware, watch, keep guard, avoid, etc”.
Credit
Size reference because it is small and im proud how well they still came out! :)
[Image description: The first attachment is a video of a small orange and black vase being rotated. The front side is a drawing of a stylized Juliet chasing an Ancient Greek soldier. There are also words that say “ευλαβεισο την κυνα του Ταρταρου• ο δαιμων η Ιουλιετα” in the boustrophedon writing style. The second attachment is an image of the small Juliet vase next to the larger vase from the video with a sharpie in front. The height of the large vase is about half of the sharpie, and the small vase is about one fourth. End image description.]
Human beings exist for the sake of one another: so, either teach them or endure them.
Οἱ ἄνθρωποι γεγόνασιν ἀλλήλων ἕνεκεν: ἢ δίδασκε οὖν ἢ φέρε.
--Marcus Aurelius, Meditations VIII.59
I have to make a presentation for the Greek particle Γάρ δή due tomorrow and the book my professor gave me doesn't explain any uses it just throws a bunch of sentences at me with sporadic tidbits of English that isn't enough for a whole page.
How many jokes can I fit in before I leave professionalism and need to rework it?